A Fire Damper is a ducting fitting used in HVAC systems and ducting vents. Their purpose is to prevent the spread of fire and smoke from one room to another. Made from galvanized steel; Fire Dampers come in a range of sizes and types. We will take a look at each of them below.
A fire damper prevents fire and smoke from moving from one room to another through an HVAC system or ducting vents. In the event of a fire, a fire damper will close when a room rises over a temperature threshold limit. This prevents the fire and smoke from spreading. Fire dampers are an essential feature of a complete fire safety strategy.
There are 3 types of fire damper: Dynamic, Static and Combination
Dynamic Dampers
Dynamic fire dampers sit within the vertical barriers of an HVAC system. They rely on a spring-loaded mechanism. During a fire, the spring-loaded mechanism closes the vents allowing the fan to keep running and building pressure. It is this pressure that causes the fire dampers to remain closed.
Static Dampers
Static fire dampers feature a curtain-like design that drops whenever a fire occurs and the fan turns off. With no air pressure inside, the damper’s door falls and closes, preventing flames and smoke from passing through. Static fire dampers should be installed in systems where ducting fans stop working once they detect fire.
Combination Dampers
The function of a fire and smoke (combination) damper is to block both fire and smoke. In the event of extreme heat or smoke, the damper will shut.